Penile median raphe cysts (PMRCs) are a rare but benign condition that can present in newborns and young children. In his latest video update, Dr Vincenzo Piccolo discusses how to recognise, differentiate, and manage this disorder.
What are penile median raphe cysts?
PMRCs typically develop along the midline of the penis and are thought to arise from incomplete fusion of the embryonic genital tubercle. This may result in epithelial cells becoming trapped, leading to the formation of cysts. They are usually painless, soft papules or nodules found on the penis or scrotum, but can sometimes become inflamed or infected, causing redness, pain, swelling, or fluid drainage.
Diagnosis and differential considerations
Diagnosis is generally clinical, with ultrasound used in complicated cases such as rapidly enlarging or symptomatic cysts. Dr Piccolo highlights the importance of distinguishing PMRCs from other conditions such as smegma cysts, juvenile xanthogranuloma, molluscum contagiosum, staphylococcal infections, and dermoid cysts. A structured comparison can help avoid misdiagnosis.
Management options
As PMRCs are benign, treatment is not usually required. However, intervention may be considered in cases of repeated infection, discomfort, or cosmetic concerns. Options include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or surgical removal in larger or symptomatic cysts.
While rare and often misdiagnosed, penile median raphe cysts are a benign condition that usually requires reassurance rather than treatment. Accurate recognition and differentiation are essential to ensure appropriate management and avoid unnecessary intervention.
Watch the video
Please be advised, this video contains graphic medical images of infants.
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